Shoe calk



2, 11937. B. B. W 2,072,351

SHOE CALK Filed June 27, 1934 i C r 5 I 6 'INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 2, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 7* 7 Claims.

This application is a continuation of one filed on the 17th day ofFebruary, 1931, Serial No. 516,373, now Patent No. 1,975,133, issuedOctober 2, 1934, as to all subject matter which is common to the twoapplications.

The invention is an improved calk for use on the soles and heels of golfshoes, hunting and hiking boots, and other footwear, and its generalobjects are to provide a device of this character that may be easily andquickly attached to the sole or heel of a boot or shoe by an operationequivalent to that of driving a nail and that will hold very securelywithin the material of the sole or heel. Further, to provide a shoe calkthat is simple and relatively economical of manufacture, and, morelimitedly, to provide a composite shoe calk comprising a solid stud orspike adapted to be produced on automatic machines at low cost, and apronged ferrule that consists of a relatively inexpensive sheet metalstamping, the parts being adapted to be assembled in the process ofapplying.

By making the calk of two separate parts, materials especially suitedfor the respective parts may beselected. For example: the spike or stud,which is subjected to hard wear, may be made of very tough steel orother. material, or it may be hardened after it ismade, and the ferrule,which has a number of prongs, preferably six, that are beveleddesirably'on their inner sides at their ends so that they will spreadapart as they enter the leather and thus hold securely in the manner ofa rivet andwithout penetrating the sole or having to be clenched on alast, may be produced of a grade of sheet steel especially,

suited to the purpose.

In the drawing accompanying and forming a part hereof, Fig. 1 isaperspective view showing one of the calks applied to the toe of a bootor shoe; Fig. 2 is a sectional detail showing the manner in which theprongs of the ferrule spread when driven into the leather; Figs. 3 and 4are elevational views, respectively, of the. ferrule and stud Fig. 5shows the ferrule and stud resting upon a surface to which'the calk isto be applied with the stud held central of theferrule by cooperation ofits head with the prongs of the latter, the View including also the toolused in driving the ferrule, the ferrule and adjacent end of the toolbeing in-section; Fig. 6 shows the bottom of a boot or shoe to which aset of calks are applied; and Fig. 7 is a detail of a modified form ofthe calk.

The calk is designated generally by the reference character A, and itscomponent parts, i. e. the ferrule and stud, are designated B and C,respectively. The ferrule is drawn from sheet metal of suitable gaugeand quality to a generally frusto-conoidal shape, an opening b beingpunched or otherwise formed in its smaller end in such manner that thematerial surrounding its outer end is reduced to a feather edge. Prongsb, preferably six in number, project, from the larger end of theferrulein. parallel relation. to each other and spaced equi-distantabout the aircumference of the ferrule. The ends of the prongs arebeveled or chamfered, desirably on their inner sides, as indicated at 11for a purpose that will presently appear.

The stud or spike C has a head 0 at one end and is tapered atthe other,as indicated at c, the body portion of the stud being straight orcylindrical, as shown at. 0 According to the present embodiment, thehead 0 is circular and flat. The opening b of the ferrule is of a sizeto receive snugly thebody portion c of the stud, and the head 0 closelyfits within the interior of the larger end. of the ferru1e,.and whenforced as far as itwill go into the same the circular face of the headis substantially flush with the edge of the larger end of the ferrule,and the angle between the body portion and. the tapered end of the studis, about coincident with the feather edge of the smaller end of theferrule. The taper of the external surface of the smaller end of theferrule blends into the taper of the stud when the parts are properlyassembled.

In applying. the calks to the sole and heel of a boot or shoe, marks maybe made at the points Where the calks areto be located and the boot orshoe disposedon alast. A stud or spike is then placed in position on thesole or heel, with a ferrule engaged over it, and the tool D is applied,as indicated in Fig. 5. The tool istubular, or is provided with a socketd, and the annular end of the tool is engaged with the shoulder betweenthe larger and smaller ends of the ferrule, the tapering smaller endguiding the tool to its seat upon the shoulder. It will be observed thatthe shoulder is substantially in alignment with the prongs b. Now bypounding the tool with a hammer or the like, in the manner of driving anail, the prongs may be driven into the leather,

the stud, in the meantime, being retained central When the stud and.ferrule attain their final assembled condition, the, former fits very:tightly within the latter and the calk, as a whole, is rigid upon thesole or heel. The tapered, smaller end of the ferrule serves not only asa guide for properly positioning the tool upon the shoulder of. theferrule, but it greatly assists in firmly holding the stud perpendicularto the surface to which the calk is applied, notwithstanding the verysevere side thrusts imposed upon the calk when in use.

Fig. 7 shows the original form of the composite calk as disclosed in theparent application hereinbefore referred to. The ferrule F, in thiscase, has a central opening f for the accommodation of the body portion9 of the stud G. It is dished to receive the head g of the stud and isprovided with four prongs I that are chamfered or beveled at F.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A shoe calk consisting of a solid metallic stud, and a separate sheetmetal ferrule, adapted to be assembled in the process of applying; thestud having a flat head and a straight body portion adjacent the same,and the ferrule having an opening for the reception of the straight bodyportion of the stud and formed about said opening to receive the head,the ferrule being provided with a plurality of prongs extending from itsedge in parallel relation to each other and spaced about a circlecorresponding substantially to the circumference of the head, theferrule being adapted to be placed over the stud with its prongsengaging a surface into which they are to be driven through theintervention of a socketed tool applied to the ferrule, the prongscooperating with the head of the stud to retain the stud central of theferrule during the driving operation, the ends. of the prongs beingchamfered on their inner sides to a depth notexceeding the thickness ofthe head.

2. A shoe calk consisting of a solid metallis stud, and a separate sheetmetal ferrule, adapted to be assembled in the process of applying; the

stud comprising a body portion provided with a,

head at one end, and the ferrule having an opening for the reception ofthe body portion of the stud and formed about said opening to receivethe head, the material of the ferrule surrounding F the opening beingprojected so as to extend a substantial distance along the body portionof' the stud, the ferrule being provided with a plurality of prongsextending from its edge.

3. A shoe calk Consisting of a solid stud, and a separate sheet metalferrule, adapted to be assembled in the process of applying; the studhaving a straight body portion provided with a head at one end andtapered at the other, and the ferrule having an opening for thereception of the straight body portion and formed about said opening toreceive the head, the material of the ferrule surrounding the openingbeing projected so as to extend a substantial distance along the body ofthe stud and tapering off to a feather edge so that the exterior surfaceof the ferrule merges into that of the tapered end of the stud, theferrule being provided with a plurality of prongs extending from itsedge in parallel and closely spaced relation to each other about acircle corresponding substantially to the circumference of the head.

4. A shoe calk consisting of a solid metallic stud, and a separate sheetmetal ferrule, adapted to be assembled in the process of applying; thestud comprising a body portion provided with a head at one end, and theferrule having an opening for the reception of the body portion of thestud and formed about said opening to receive the head, the material ofthe ferrule surrounding the opening being projected so as to extend asubstantial distance along the body portion of the stud, the ferrulebeing provided with a plurality of prongs extending from its edge inparallel and closely spaced relation to each other about a circlecorresponding substantially to the circumference of the head, the endsof the prongs being chamfered.

5. A shoe calk consisting of a solid stud, and a separate sheet metalferrule, adapted to be assembled in the process of applying; the studhaving a straight body portion provided with a head at one end andtapered at the other, and the ferrule having an opening for thereception of the straight body portion and formed about said opening toreceive the head, the material of the ferrule surrounding the openingbeing formed to extend a substantial distance along the body of the studand tapering off to a feather edge so that the exterior surface of theferrule merges into that of the tapered end of the stud, the ferrulebeing provided with a plurality of prongs extending from its edge inparallel and closely spaced relation to each other about a circlecorresponding substantially to the circumference of the head, the endsof the prongs being chamfered on their inner sides to a depth notexceeding the thickness of the head.

6. A shoe calk consisting of a solid metallic stud and a separate sheetmetal ferrule, adapted to be assembled in the process of applying; thestud having a head at one end and being tapered at the other, and theferrule consisting of a substantially frusto-conoidal shell having anopening in its smaller end arranged to snugly receive the body portionof the stud and recessed to accommodate the head thereof, the externalsurface of the smaller end of the ferrule merging into the tapered endof the stud when the parts are assembled, the ferrule being providedwith a plurality of prongs extending from its larger end in parallelrelation to each other, there being a shoulder about the outer side ofthe ferrule in substantial alignment with the prongs onto which theperimeter of a socketed or tubular tool is adapted to be guided byengagement with the smaller end of the ferrule.

7. A shoe calk consisting of a solid metallic stud, and a separate sheetmetal ferrule, adapted to be assembled in the process of applying; thestud having a flat head at one end of its body portion, andthe ferrulehaving an opening for the reception of the body portion of the stud andformed about said opening to receive the head, the ferrule beingprovided with a plurality of prongs extending from its edge in parallelrelation to each other and spaced about a circle correspondingsubstantially to the circumference of the head, the ferrule beingadapted to be placed over the stud with its prongs engaging a surfaceinto which they are to be driven through the intervention of a socketedtool applied to the ferrule, the prongs cooperating with the head of thestud to retain the stud central of the ferrule during the drivingoperation, the ends of the prongs being chamfered on their inner sidesto a depth not exceeding the thickness of the head.

BRENNAN B. WEST.

